He mea nui te pumau i roto i ngā mahi o nāianeiwai whakapūkara ahite whakaputanga. Kei raro i te pēhanga e piki haere ana ngā kaihanga ki te whakaiti i te pānga ki te taiao me te tuku hua pumau me te whai hua. Mā te awhi i ngā tikanga whakaputanga pumau, ka taea e ngā kamupene te whakaiti i te para, te tiaki rauemi, me te whakaiti i ngā tukunga. Ngā auahatanga i roto itakirere wai ahite hoahoa me te whakamahi i ngā rauemi taiao i roto i terīra me te kāpata ngongo ahie whakaatu ana te whakaputa i tēnei panonitanga. Ehara i te mea ko te tiaki i te taiao anake ēnei whanaketanga engari e whakarato ana hoki i ngā painga ōhanga mō te wā roa. Nō reira, ko ngā huarahi pumau ki te hanga hua pēnei ipou tinei ahi ngā wai whakapūmau ahikua tino hira te whakatutukitanga i ngā paerewa ture me te whakatutuki i ngā tumanakohanga a ngā kaihoko.
Ngā Whakaaro Matua
- Ka āwhina te ahumahi matomato i te ao mā te whakamahingā rauemi haumarume te penapena pūngao.
- Te whakamahi i ngā rauemi hangarua i roto i ngā wai whakapūkara ahika penapena moni me ngā rauemi, e āwhina ana ki te whakamahi anō i ngā pūnaha.
- Mā ngā hangarau hou, pērā i ngā taputapu atamai, ka tere ake te mahi, ka whakaiti hoki i te para.
- Mā te whai i ngā ture matomato me ngā hiahia o te kiritaki ka pai ake te ahua o te waitohu me ngā hoko.
- Mā te whakapau moni ki ngā whakaaro e pai ana mō te taiao ka āwhina i te taiao, ā, ka puta mai hoki ngā hua pai mō te moni pumau.
He aha te Hanga Tauwhiro?
Ko te hanga tauwhiro e pā ana ki te waihanga hua mā roto i ngā tukanga e whakaiti ana i te kino ki te taiao, e tiaki ana i ngā rauemi, e whakatairanga ana hoki i te kawenga pāpori. E hangai ana tēnei huarahi ki te pikinga ake o te hiahia mō ngā mahi atawhai taiao puta noa i ngā ahumahi, tae atu ki te hanga wai whakapūmau ahi.
Ngā Mātāpono o te Hanganga Tauwhiro
E whakahaerehia ana te hanga tauwhiro i runga i ētahi mātāpono matua:
- Te Whai Hua o ngā RauemiKo te whāinga o ngā tukanga he whakaiti i te whakapaunga pūngao me ngā rauemi.
- Te Whakaiti i ngā ParaKa arotahi ngā kaihanga ki te whakamahi anō me te hangarua i ngā rauemi hei whakawhāiti i ngā ururua whenua.
- Te Tiaki TaiaoKa whakahaeretia ngā tukunga me ngā poke hei tiaki i ngā pūnaha rauropi.
- Te Kawenga HaporiKa whakarite ngā kamupene i ngā tikanga mahi haumaru me ngā tikanga mahi tika.
Kei te piki haere te whakamahi a ngā ahumahi hou i ēnei mātāpono. Hei tauira:
- Ka whakaitihia ngā pānga ki te taiao e te ahumahi tauwhiro, ka penapena hoki i te pūngao.
- Mā ngā hangarau Ahumahi 4.0, pērā i te aunoatanga me te IoT, ka whakarei ake i te pumau mā te aro atu ki ngā wero pāpori me te taiao.
- E ai ki ngā kitenga a te OECD, he maha ngā hua pūtea ka kitea e ngā kamupene whai ingoa pai mō te taiao, tae atu ki te pikinga pea o te hua o te 5% mai i te whakaiti i te whakamahinga pūngao.
Ngā Hua o te Oranga Tonu i roto i te Whakaputa Ahumahi
Ngā tuku oranga tonutangangā painga nui mō te hanga ahumahi:
- Ngā Hua ŌhangaMā te whakaiti i ngā utu pūngao me ngā rauemi ka pai ake te hua.
- Te Whakarei Ake i te Whai HuaMā ngā hangarau matatau ka whakangāwari ake i ngā mahi, ka whakaiti hoki i te para.
- Te Whakataetae MāketeKo ngā mahi e aro ana ki te taiao e kukume ana i ngā kaihoko me ngā kaimahi e aro ana ki te taiao.
E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau take i ēnei painga. Hei tauira:
| Akoranga Take | Raruraru | Otinga | Hua |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tohua te mārama-hei-ratonga | Te moumou rauemi me te kore tiaki | Pūnaha ratonga hua (PSS) | Kore rawa he para rama, he iti ake ngā utu tiaki |
| Te hanga tāpiri a Airbus | Ngā tikanga tuku iho puhoi, utu nui | Te hanga tāpiri mō ngā wāhanga mama ake | 465,000 tāne mita o ngā tukunga GHG kua whakaitihia i ia tau |
| Ngā tipu pūngao rā o Tata Power | Wāhi tuanui kāore i whakamahia | Te tāutanga o te papa rā | 421 miriona watts te whakaputa, e whakakaha ana i te 40,000 kāinga ia tau |
Te Hiranga ki te Hanganga o ngā Wai Whakapūngao Ahi
E pā tika ana ngā mātāpono hanga tauwhiro ki te hanga waikeri ahi. Mā te whakauru i ngā rauemi hangarua me ngā hangarau penapena-pūngao, ka taea e ngā kaihanga te whakaiti i te tapuwae taiao o ēnei taputapu haumaru nui. Hei tauira, mā te whakamahi i te pūngao whakahou i roto i ngā whare hanga ka taea te whakaiti i ngā tukunga, ā, mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga whakaiti para ka tiakina ngā rauemi. Kāore ēnei mahi e hangai noa ki ngā paerewa ture engari ka tutuki hoki ngā tumanakohanga a ngā kaihoko e aro nui ana ki te taiao. Nō reira, ka taea e ngā kaihanga waikeri ahi te whakarei ake i tō rātou ingoa mākete me te whai wāhi atu ki tētahi heke mai matomato.
Ngā Wero i roto i te Hanga Waipēhi Ahi Tauwhiro
Ngā Pānga Taiao o te Hanganga Tuku Iho
Ko ngā tukanga hanga tuku iho mō ngā wai whakapūngao ahi e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā tikanga whakamahi pūngao nui me ngā rauemi kāore e taea te whakahou. He nui te pānga o ēnei mahi ki ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi me te pirau o te taiao. Hei tauira, ko te tango me te tukatuka i ngā rauemi mata pēnei i te rino maka me te maitai ka whakaputa i ngā tukunga hauhā nui. Hei tāpiri, ko te whakamahinga o ngā wahie pūmua hei whakakaha i ngā whare whakaputa ka whakanui ake i te tapuwae waro o te umanga.
Ko te whakaputanga para tētahi atu take nui. Ko te hanga i ngā wai whakapūkara ahi he tapahi, he whakarewa, he miihini hoki i ngā konganuku, ka puta mai ngā rauemi para. Ki te kore he pūnaha hangarua tika, ka mutu pinepine ēnei hua taha ki ngā whenua ururua, ka kino ake te taiao. Ka puta hoki te parahanga wai mai i te tukunga hē o ngā matū ahumahi me ngā wai para, ka poke pea i ngā rauropi o te rohe.
Ngā Pēhanga Ture me te Mākete
Kei te piki haere te aro o ngā kaihangangā pēhanga ture me ngā pēhanga māketekia whakamahia ngā tikanga tauwhiro. Kua whakatinanahia e ngā kāwanatanga me ngā whakahaere o te ao ngā kaupapa here pakari hei whakaiti i ngā tukunga ahumahi me te whakatairanga i te whakaputanga e pai ana ki te taiao. Hei tauira:
- E hiahiatia ana e te Tikanga Whakatikatika Rohe Waro (CBAM) kia whakaatuhia e ngā kaihokohoko ngā raraunga tukunga hua, ka pā ki ngā kaihanga o Amerika e kaweake ana ki te EU.
- Ko te Ture Hoahoa-Taiao mō ngā Hua Tauwhiro (ESPR) e aro nui ana ki te whakapai ake i te roa o te hua me te whai hua o te pūngao.
- E whakahau ana te Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD) i ngā kamupene kia aro atu ki ngā pānga ki te taiao me ngā tika tangata puta noa i ā rātou mekameka tuku.
- He nui ngā whakaritenga pūrongo e whakatakotoria ana e te Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) ki runga i ngā mano tini o ngā kamupene.
He mahi nui anō tā ngā mana o te mākete. Kei te akiaki ngā whakahaere pēnei i a CDP me EcoVadis i ngā kaihanga ki te whakaatu i ngā raraunga oranga tonutanga. I te tau 2024, e tika ana kia whiwhi ngā kaihanga tata ki te 20,000 ngā tono raraunga mai i a CDP. Ka puta he wero mō ngā kaihanga wai whakapūmau ahi i ēnei tono, inā koa ngā kamupene iti me ngā rauemi iti. Ko ngā utu nui o mua mō ngā hangarau me ngā hanganga ma ka uaua ake te tutuki i ēnei ture.
Ngā Herenga Hangarau me ngā Rauemi
Ko te whakawhiti ki te hanga tauwhiro me uru atu ki ngā hangarau me ngā rauemi matatau, he arai nui pea tēnei. He maha ngā kamupene e raru ana ki te tangongā mīhini penapena pūngaongā pūnaha pūngao hou rānei nā te nui o ngā utu tīmatanga. He maha ngā wā kāore i te rawaka te pūtea o ngā kaihanga iti hei haumi ki ēnei auahatanga, ā, ka whakawhāiti i tō rātou kaha ki te whakaiti i te pānga ki te taiao.
He wero anō tā te whakahaere mekameka tuku. He uaua te whakarite kia piri ngā kaiwhakarato ki ngā tikanga tauwhiro, inā koa i ngā rohe he ngoikore ngā ture taiao. Ko te whiwhi raraunga tukunga tika mai i ngā kaiwhakarato ka tāpiri atu i tētahi atu paparanga uaua. Hei tāpiri, ko te tere o te whanaketanga o te hangarau ma e whakauaua ana i ngā kaihanga ki te whai i te tere, ka hua ake he pūnaha tawhito e aukati ana i ngā mahi tauwhiro.
Ka arai anō hoki ngā pānga taupatupatu o ngā kaipupuri moni. Tērā pea ka whakatairangahia e ngā kaipupuri moni ngā hua mō te wā poto i ngā whāinga pumau mō te wā roa, engari ko ngā kaimahi me ngā kaihoko e hiahia ana ki ngā mahi atawhai taiao. Me whai whakamahere me te whiriwhiringa tupato hei whakataurite i ēnei kaupapa matua taupatupatu.
Ngā Huarahi mō te Auahatanga Kakariki
Ngā Whakatairanga i roto i ngā Hangarau Whai Hua Pūngao
Ngā hangarau penapena pūngaokei te whakarerekē i te hanga ahumahi mā te whakaiti i ngā utu whakahaere me te pānga ki te taiao. I roto i te hanga wai whakapūngao ahi, kei roto i ēnei whanaketanga te whakamahi i ngā mīhini hou kua hangaia hei whakaiti i te whakapaunga pūngao. E whakaatu ana tētahi rangahau tata nei kei te piki haere te whakapai ake a ngā ahumahi i ā rātou taputapu hei whakarei ake i te whai huatanga o te pūngao, nā te pikinga o ngā utu wahie me ngā wawaotanga kaupapa here tautoko. Ehara i te mea ko ēnei whakapainga anake e tiaki ana i te pūngao engari ka whakapai ake hoki i te hua whānui.
Hei tauira, kei te whakamahi ngā kaihanga i ngā pūnaha atamai e arotau ana i te whakamahinga pūngao i ngā huringa whakaputa. Ka whakauruhia e ēnei pūnaha ngā pūoko me te aunoatanga hei aroturuki me te whakatika i te whakamahinga pūngao i te wā tūturu. E hangai ana ēnei auahatanga ki ngā whāinga oranga tonutanga o te ao, ā, ka āwhina i ngā kaihanga ki te whakatutuki i ngā ture taiao pakari ake. Mā te whakamahi i ēnei hangarau, ka taea e ngā kaihanga wai whakapūngao ahi te whakaiti i ō rātou tapuwae waro me te pupuri tonu i ngā paerewa kounga teitei.
Te Whakaurunga o ngā Rauemi Hangarua
Te whakaurunga ongā rauemi hangaruaE rua ngā painga o te whakaurunga o ngā wai whakapūkara ki roto i ngā tukanga hangahanga: te whakaiti i te para me te tiaki i ngā rauemi taiao. Kei te piki haere te whakaurunga o ngā konganuku me ngā kirihou hangarua e ngā kaihanga wai whakapūkara ki roto i ā rātou hua, e whai wāhi ana ki te ōhanga porowhita. Ehara i te mea ka whakaiti noa i ngā utu hangahanga tēnei huarahi engari ka whakarei ake hoki i te kawenga pāpori a te kamupene.
He mea nui te hangarua ā-umanga mō ngā kamupene hangahanga hei whakaiti i te para me te whakatairanga i te oranga tonutanga. He painga anō hoki ēnei pērā i te tiaki taiao, te penapena utu, te tutuki i ngā ture, me te whakarei ake i te kawenga pāpori a te kamupene.
Kua kite te Kotahitanga o Ūropi i te pikinga haere tonu o te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi hangarua, mai i te 8.2% i te tau 2004 ki te 11.5% i te tau 2022. Waihoki, kua piki te whakamahinga o ngā kirihou hangarua mai i te 1.5% i te tau 1990 ki te 6.3% i te tau 2019. Heoi anō, he nui tonu ngā wāhi hei whakapai ake hei whakaiti i te whakawhirinaki ki ngā rauemi hou.
Pūngao Whakahou i roto i te Hanga Wai Whakapūngao Ahi
Kei te huri te whakamahinga o te pūngao hou hei tūāpapa mō te hanga pumau. Kei te whakauru haere ngā whare hanga waipēhi ahi i ngā panera rā me ētahi atu puna pūngao hou hei whakakaha i ā rātou mahi. Ehara i te mea ka whakaitihia noa e tēnei panonitanga ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi engari ka whakarite hoki i te pono o te pūngao i te wā e motu ana te hiko.
Kei te tūhuratia hoki e ngā kaihanga te whakamahinga o ngā pūoko hiko-rā i roto i ngā wai hiko ahi atamai. Mā ēnei pūoko ka taea e ngā wai hiko te mahi motuhake, ka whakaiti i te whakawhirinaki ki ngā whatunga hiko tuku iho. E hangai ana tēnei auahatanga ki ngā mahi ā-ao ki te whakaiti i ngā tapuwae waro o ngā tāone, ā, e tautoko ana i te whakawhiti whānui ki ngā hanganga tāone e pai ana ki te taiao.
Mā te whakatairanga i te pūngao hou me ngā hangarau penapena pūngao, ka taea e ngā kaihanga wai whakapūngao ahi te whakatutuki i ngā whāinga pumau me te whakarei ake i te mahi a te hua. E whakaatu ana ēnei mahi i te whakapau kaha o te umanga ki te whakaiti i te pānga ki te taiao me te whakatairanga i tētahi heke mai matomato.
Ngā Rautaki mō te Hanga Tauwhiro
Te Arotau i ngā Mekameka Tuku
He mea nui te arotau i ngā mekameka tuku ki te whakatutuki i te hanga pumau. Ka whakaitihia e ngā mekameka tuku ngāwari te para, ka whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o ngā rauemi, ka whakaitihia hoki te pānga ki te taiao. He maha ngā wā ka kitea he penapena utu nui me te pai ake o te whakahaere e ngā kamupene e whakamahi ana i ngā tikanga mekameka tuku pumau. Hei tauira, e whakaatu ana ngā rangahau a Deloitte ko te arotau i ngā mekameka tuku ka arahi ki te whakahekenga utu o te 15-20%. Waihoki, e ai ki a McKinsey & Company, ko ngā kamupene he pai ake ngā pūkenga mekameka tuku ka eke ki te toharite 7.8% teitei ake i ō rātou hoa whakataetae.
He maha ngā tohu mahi matua (KPI) e āwhina ana ki te ine i te pumau o ngā mekameka tuku:
- Te katoa o te wai i pau: Aroturuki i te whakamahinga wai katoa i roto i te mahi whakaputa.
- Te nui o te wai hangaruaE whakaatu ana i te whānuitanga o te whakamahinga anō o te wai i roto i ngā tukanga.
- Para i hurihia mai i ngā tāpui whenua: E tohu ana i te whai huatanga o ngā mahi whakatārewatanga para.
Ko ngā tauira o te ao tūturu e whakaatu ana i ngā painga o ngā mekameka tuku taonga pumau. Kua tino whakaitihia e te Kaupapa Pūtake Taonga Tauwhiro a Unilever ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi, te whakamahinga wai, me te whakaputanga para. Waihoki, ko te Mekameka Tukunga Kati-Pōkai a Apple e arotahi ana ki te whakamahi i ngā rauemi hangarua, ngā rauemi whakahou rānei, me te whakaiti i tōna tapuwae waro mā te mahi tahi a ngā kaiwhakarato. Ko te whāinga a Project Gigaton a Walmart he tapahi i te kotahi piriona tāne metara o ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi mai i tana mekameka tuku taonga i te tau 2030.
Te Whakamahi i ngā Rauemi Ā-Taiao me ngā Rauemi Ka Taea te Hangarua
Ko te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi e pai ana ki te taiao me te hangarua tētahi atu tūāpapa o te hanga tauwhiro. Mā te whakauru i ēnei rauemi ka whakaiti i te whakawhirinaki ki ngā rauemi hou, ka whakaiti i ngā utu whakaputa, ā, ka whakaiti i te para. Hei tauira, e matapaetia ana ka tipu te mākete takai tauwhiro mai i te USD 292.71 piriona i te tau 2024 ki te USD 423.56 piriona i te tau 2029. E whakaata ana tēnei tipu i te pikinga o te hiahia mō ngā rauemi e tika ana mō te taiao puta noa i ngā ahumahi.
In te hanga wai whakapūkara ahi, kei te whakauru ngā kaihanga i ngā konganuku me ngā kirihou hangarua ki roto i ā rātou hua. Ehara i te mea ka tiakina noa ngā rauemi taiao e tēnei huarahi engari ka hangai hoki ki ngā tumanakohanga a ngā kaihoko mō ngā otinga hoa-taiao. Nō nā tata nei i tutuki i tētahi waitohu ataahua o te ao te whakahekenga 40% o ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi e pā ana ki ngā takai mā te whakatairanga i ngā rauemi hangarua. Hei tāpiri, he maha ngā wā ka kitea e ngā kamupene e whakamahi ana i ngā tikanga tauwhiro te whakahekenga 15-40% o ngā whakapaunga takai kirihou.
Ko ngā painga o te whakamahi i ngā rauemi hangarua he nui atu i te penapena utu. Ka whai wāhi atu rātou ki tētahi ōhanga porowhita, e whakamahia tonutia ai ngā rauemi, ka whakaiti i te tapuwae taiao o ngā tukanga hangahanga. Ka whakarei ake tēnei rautaki i te kawenga pāpori a te kamupene, ā, ka whakapakari i te ingoa o te waitohu i roto i tētahi mākete e aro nui ana ki te taiao.
Te Whakatinana i ngā Tikanga Whakaiti Para
Ko te whakaiti i ngā para he wāhanga matua o te hanga tauwhiro. Mā te whakaiti i ngā para, ka taea e ngā kaihanga te whakaiti i ngā utu whakaputa, te tiaki rauemi, me te whakaiti i ngā kino ki te taiao. Ko ngā mahi whakahaere para whai hua ko te hangarua, te whakamahi anō i ngā rauemi, me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te whakaputa.
E whakaatu ana ngā raraunga ā-pūtaiao i te pānga o ngā rautaki whakaiti para. Hei tauira, i whakaitihia e Advanced Composite Structures ngā reiti para mai i te 24% ki te 1.8%, i te mea i penapenahia e Canyon Creek Cabinet Company neke atu i te $1.1 miriona mā te whakanui ake i te whai huatanga o te whakaputanga. E whakaatu ana ēnei tauira me pēhea te whakaiti para e kore e whai hua anake ki te taiao engari e whakarei ake ana hoki i te hua.
Ko ngā inenga matua mō te aromatawai i te whakaiti i te para ko:
- Te katoa o ngā para i puta: E ine ana i te putanga para katoa.
- Te tere hangarua: E tohu ana i te ōrau o ngā para kua whakaurua anō ki ngā huringa whakaputa.
- Te kaha o te para: E whakarato ana i te ōwehenga o te para i puta ki te putanga whakaputa.
Ka taea e ngā kaihanga te whakamahi i ngā hangarau auaha hei whakaiti i te para. Hei tauira, ka taea e ngā pūnaha atamai he pūoko te aroturuki i ngā tukanga whakaputa i te wā tonu, te tautuhi i ngā ngoikoretanga me te whakaiti i te ngaronga o ngā rauemi. E hangai ana ēnei whanaketanga ki ngā whāinga pumau o te ao, ā, ka āwhina i ngā kaihanga ki te whakatutuki i ngā ture taiao pakari.
Te Whakamahi i te Hangarau mō te Oranga Tonutanga
He mea nui te hangarau ki te whakatairanga i te oranga tonutanga i roto i te rāngai hangahanga. Mā te whakauru i ngā taputapu me ngā pūnaha auaha, ka taea e ngā kaihanga te arotau i ngā tukanga, te whakaiti i te para, me te whakaiti i te whakapaunga pūngao. Ehara i te mea ka aro noa ēnei whanaketanga ki ngā āwangawanga taiao engari ka whakapai ake hoki i te whai huatanga o te mahi me te hua.
Ngā Pūnaha Hanga Atamai
Kua hurihia te hanga ahumahi e ngā pūnaha hanga atamai, e whakakahangia ana e te aunoatanga me te tātari raraunga. Mā ēnei pūnaha ka taea te aroturuki me te arotau i te whakamahinga pūngao, te rere o ngā rauemi, me te mahi a ngā taputapu i te wā tūturu. Hei tauira, kua tino whakaitihia e te hangarau matihiko māhanga a Siemens te para me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te hanga hiko. Waihoki, kua whakaitihia e te tūāpapa Predix a General Electric te wā kore mahi kua whakaritea tae atu ki te 20%, ka roa ake te roa o te ora o ngā mīhini.
TohutohuKa taea e ngā pūnaha atamai he pūoko kei roto ngā taputapu te tautuhi i ngā ngoikoretanga i te wā whakaputa, ā, ka taea e ngā kaihanga te mahi whakarerekē tonu me te penapena rauemi.
Te Whai Hua o te Pūngao e Aroturukihia ana e te Raraunga
Kua puta ake te tātari raraunga hei taputapu kaha mō te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te pūngao. Mā te tātari i ngā tauira whakapaunga pūngao, ka taea e ngā kaihanga te tautuhi i ngā wāhi hei whakapai ake me te whakatinana i ngā otinga kua tohua. E whakaatu ana te International Energy Agency i te kaha ki te whakaiti i te whakamahinga pūngao ahumahi mā te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga. Hei tauira, i tutuki i te tipu BMW i Leipzig te whakahekenga whakamiharo o te whakapaunga pūngao mō ia waka mā te 70% mai i te tau 2006 mā te whakamahi i ngā māramatanga e ahu mai ana i ngā raraunga.
| Tatauranga/Akoranga Take | Whakaahuatanga |
|---|---|
| Te Takoha Tukunga o te Ao | E 20% pea o ngā tukunga o te ao e ahu mai ana i te ahumahi (World Economic Forum). |
| Pūmanawa Whai Hua Pūngao | Ka taea te whakaiti nui i te whakamahinga o te pūngao ahumahi mā te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga (IEA). |
| Te Wheketere BMW Leipzig | Kua tutuki te whakahekenga 70% o te whakapaunga pūngao mō ia waka mai i te tau 2006 mā te tātari raraunga. |
Arotautanga o te Mekameka Tuku Mamati
Kua hurihia e ngā hangarau matihiko te whakahaere mekameka tuku, kia mārama ake ai, kia whai hua ake ai hoki. Mā ngā tūāpapa pēnei i a EcoStruxure a Schneider Electric ka kitea ngā mahi whakahaere i roto i te wā tūturu, ā, ka taea e ngā kamupene te tapahi i ngā utu me te whakaiti i ngā tukunga. I pūrongo a Schneider Electric i te 20% te hekenga o ngā utu whakahaere mā te whakapai ake i te kitea o te mekameka tuku. Mā ēnei whanaketanga ka whakarite kia whakamahia pai ngā rauemi, kia whakaitihia ai te para me te pānga ki te taiao.
Te Tiaki Matapae me te Whakahaere Rauemi
Ka whakamahia e ngā hangarau tiaki matapae te ako mīhini me ngā pūoko IoT hei aroturuki i te hauora o ngā taputapu me te matapae i ngā hapa i mua i te puta. Ka whakaitihia e tēnei huarahi te wā kore mahi, ka roa ake te ora o ngā taputapu, ā, ka tiakina ngā rauemi. Hei tauira, mā te pūnaha Ability™ a ABB e whakarato he māramatanga ki ngā tauira whakamahinga pūngao, e āwhina ana i ngā kaihanga ki te arotau i te whakamahinga rauemi. Mā te whakamahi i ēnei hangarau, ka taea e ngā kaihanga wai whakapūngao ahi te whakarei ake i te whai huatanga o te whakaputa me te whakaiti i ō rātou tapuwae taiao.
TuhipokaEhara i te mea ka whakaiti noa i ngā utu whakahaere te tiaki matapae engari ka tautoko hoki i te pumau mā te whakaiti i te hiahia mō te whakakapinga taputapu auau.
Te Ara Whakamua
Mā te whakamahi i te hangarau hei oranga tonutanga ka nui te pūmanawa mō te umanga hanga wai whakapūmau ahi. Mā te whakamahi i ngā pūnaha atamai, ngā otinga hiko e ahu mai ana i ngā raraunga, me ngā taputapu tiaki matapae, ka taea e ngā kaihanga te hono atu ki ngā whāinga oranga tonutanga o te ao me te pupuri tonu i ngā painga whakataetae. E whakaatu ana ēnei auahatanga ehara te hangarau i te taputapu mō te whai huatanga anake engari he pou tokomanawa mō te hanga i tētahi heke mai matomato.
Ngā Hua o ngā Mahi Tauwhiro i roto i te Hanga Wai Whakapūngao Ahi
Te Whai Hua o te Utu me te Tiaki Rauemi
Mā ngā mahi hanga tauwhiro ka tino whakarei ake i te whai huatanga o te utu me te tiaki rauemi. Mā te whakamahi i ngā hangarau hanga ma me te whakauru i ngā rauemi hangarua, ka whakaitihia e ngā kaihanga te whakawhirinaki ki ngā rauemi mata utu nui me ngā tukanga e nui ana te pūngao. Hei tauira, kua tautokohia e ngā kaupapa pūtea matomato te whakamahi i ngā hangarau hoa-taiao, ā, ka hua ake te tohatoha rauemi me tengā painga ōhangaE whakaatu ana te ripanga i raro nei i ngā kitenga mai i ngā rangahau tata nei mō te pānga o te pūtea matomato ki te whai huatanga o ngā utu me te tiaki rauemi:
| Ako | Ngā kitenga | Pānga ki te Whai Hua o te Utu me te Tiaki Rauemi |
|---|---|---|
| Ye me ētahi atu (2022) | Ka tautoko te pūtea matomato i ngā kaupapa taiao. | Te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o ngā rauemi mā te tautoko pūtea. |
| Deng me ētahi atu (2023) | Ka whakapai ake ngā kaupapa here i te whai huatanga o te tohatoha rauemi. | I whakatairanga i te whanaketanga tauwhiro me te whakaiti i te para rauemi. |
| Ning me ētahi atu (2023) | He painga ā-ōhanga, ā-taiao hoki ki ngā umanga te pūtea matomato. | Te whakapai ake i te whakataetae mākete me te tiaki rauemi. |
| Li me ētahi atu (2023) | Ka whakaitihia ngā utu taiao e ngā hangarau whakaputa kai ma. | I whakatenatenahia te whakatinanatanga o ngā tikanga tauwhiro, me te tiaki i ngā rauemi. |
| Jiang me ētahi atu (2022) | Ka whakapai ake ngā kaupapa here nama matomato i te pumau i roto i ngā rāngai parahanga nui. | Te whakaiti i ngā tukunga waro me te whakaiti i te para rauemi. |
Ehara i te mea ka whakaitihia ngā utu whakahaere anake e ēnei mahi engari ka whakarite hoki i te wātea o ngā rauemi mō te wā roa, ā, he mea nui ēnei mō ngā ahumahi pēnei i te hanga wai whakapūmau ahi.
Te Whakaiti i te Tapuwae Taiao
He mea nui te mahi tauwhiro ki te whakaiti i te tapuwae taiao o ngā mahi hangahanga. Mā te whakaiti i te whakapaunga pūngao, ngā tukunga, me te whakaputanga para, ka whai wāhi ngā kamupene ki tētahi aorangi hauora ake. Ko ngā inenga matua mō te ine i te pānga ki te taiao ko te whakamahinga pūngao, te tapuwae waro, me te whakaputanga para. Kei te ripanga i raro nei ēnei inenga:
| Ine | Whakaahuatanga | Wāhanga Ine |
|---|---|---|
| Te Whakamahinga Pūngao | Te pūngao katoa e whakamahia ana i ngā mahi. | ngā hāora-kirowati (kWh) |
| Tapuwae Waro | Ngā tukunga mai i te whakamahinga hiko, hau, me te wai. | Ngā ōrite o te CO2 |
| Ngā Tukunga Waka | Ngā tukunga hau mai i ngā waka a te kamupene me ngā mahi a ngā kaimahi e haere ana ki te mahi. | Ngā ōrite o te CO2 |
| Te Whakaputa Para | Te nui me te momo para i puta. | kirokaramu (kg) |
| Te Whakamahinga Pepa | Te nui o te pepa e pau ana i ngā mahi. | ngā rimu |
Mā te whakamahi a ngā kaihanga wai whakapūngao ahi i ngā pūtake pūngao hou me ngā rautaki whakaiti para ka taea te whakaiti i ā rātou tukunga waro. E hangai ana ēnei mahi ki ngā whāinga oranga tonutanga o te ao, ā, e whakaatu ana i te whakapau kaha ki te tiaki taiao.
Te Rongonui o te Waitohu
Mā te hanga tauwhiro ka whakarei ake i te ingoa o te waitohu mā te whakarite ki ngā tumanakohanga a te kaihoko me te kaipupuri moni. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau he pai ake te tirohanga a te marea ki ngā kamupene e whakauru ana i ngā mahi atawhai taiao ki roto i ā rātou rautaki Haepapa Hapori Pakihi (CSR). Kei te piki haere te hiahia o ngā kaihoko ki ngā hua mai i ngā waitohu e aro nui ana ki te taiao, engari ko ngā kaipupuri moni ka whakatairanga i ngā pakihi he kaha te tohu oranga tonutanga. Ehara i te mea ka whakapakari noa i te tūnga mākete tēnei nekehanga engari ka whakatairanga hoki i te pono o te kaihoko.
Ki ngā kaihanga wai whakapūmau ahi, ko te whakamahi i ngā tikanga tauwhiro he tohu i te whakapau kaha ki te haumaru me te kawenga taiao. Mā tēnei arotahi rua ka whakarei ake i te whakawhirinaki i waenga i ngā kaipupuri hea, ā, ka tū te kamupene hei kaiārahi i roto i te umanga matomato. Mā te whakatutuki i ēnei tumanakohanga, ka whiwhi ngā kaihanga i tētahi painga whakataetae i roto i tētahi mākete e piki haere ana te aro ki te taiao.
Te Whakatutuki i ngā Tumanakohanga a te Kaihoko me ngā Ture
He rite tonu ngā mahi hanga tauwhiro ki ngā tumanakohanga a ngā kaihoko me ngā mana whakahaere. Ko ngā kamupene e whakamahi ana i ēnei mahi, ehara i te mea e aro noa ana ki ngā āwangawanga taiao, engari ka whiwhi hoki i ngā painga ōhanga me te ingoa pai.
Kei te piki haere te aro o ngā kaihoko ki te oranga tonutanga ina whakatau ana i ngā hoko. I whakaatuhia e tētahi rangahau i te tau 2023 e 46% o ngā kaihoko i hoko i te iti rawa i te kotahi hua, i te ratonga rānei e oranga tonutia ana. He tokomaha e pai ana ki te utu i te utu toharite o te 27% mō ngā hua i hangaia mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga, i ngā rauemi rānei e pai ana ki te taiao. Hei tāpiri, 61% o ngā kaihoko i te tau 2021 i whakaatu i te hiahia mō ngā taonga e oranga tonutia ana, me te 40% e hono ana i te oranga tonutanga ki te kawenga pāpori. E whakaatu ana ēnei au i te piki haere o te hiahia mō ngā hua e whakaata ana i te whakaputanga matatika me te aro ki te taiao.
He mahi nui anō tā ngā whakahaere ture ki te hanga i ngā tikanga hangahanga. Ko ngā kaupapa here pēnei i te Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) me te Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) e hiahia ana kia whakaatuhia e ngā kamupene ngā raraunga tukunga me te whakamahi i ngā tikanga pumau. Mā te whakatutuki i ēnei whakaritenga, ka taea e ngā kaihanga te whakaiti i ngā utu tutuki me te karo i ngā whiu. Ka whakangāwari hoki ngā tikanga pumau i te piri ki ngā ture e whanake haere ana, kia mau ai te pumau o te mahi mō te wā roa.
Ko ngā painga o te hanga tauwhiro kei tua atu i te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga me te makona o te kaihoko. Kei te ripanga i raro nei ngā painga matua:
| Ngā Painga Matua mai i te Hanganga Tauwhiro | Whakaahuatanga |
|---|---|
| Te iti o ngā utu rauemi me te whakaputa | Ka whakaitihia e ngā kamupene ngā utu mā te whakaiti i te para me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga. |
| Te iti o ngā utu mō te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga ture | Mā ngā mahi tauwhiro ka māmā ake te whakatutukitanga i ngā ture. |
| Ngā Hokonga me te Mōhiotanga Waitohu Kua Whakapaitia | Ka whakarei ake ngā mahi atawhai taiao i te ahua o te waitohu, ā, ka kukume mai hoki i ngā kiritaki. |
| Te Wātea Nui Atu ki te Pūtea me te Pūtea | He māmā ake te whiwhi pūtea mō ngā pakihi pumau. |
| Ngāwari ake te Utu me te Pupuri Kaimahi | Mā ngā mahi pakari o te oranga tonutanga ka kukume mai, ka pupuri hoki i ngā tino pūkenga. |
Ko ngā kaihanga e tautoko ana i te oranga tonutanga, ehara i te mea ka tutuki noa i a rātou ngā tumanakohanga a ngā kaihoko me ngā ture, engari ka whakatū hoki i a rātou anō hei kaiārahi i roto i ā rātou ahumahi. Mā te aro atu ki ngā āwangawanga taiao me te pāpori, ka hangaia e rātou te whakawhirinaki me ngā kaipupuri hea, ā, ka whakarite hoki i te angitu mō te wā roa.
Kua noho te pumau o te hanga wai whakapūkara hei tūāpapa mō te hanga hou. Mā te whakamahi i ngā rauemi e pai ana ki te taiao me ngā tikanga penapena pūngao, ka whakaitihia e ngā kaihanga ngā para me ngā rauemi. Ehara i te mea ka whakaitihia ngā utu e ēnei mahi engari ka whakarei ake hoki i te tiaki taiao.
- Kei te neke te umanga ki ngā otinga matomato ake, pērā i ngā wai whakapūkara i hangaia mai i ngā rauemi hangarua me ngā paninga matatau e whakaiti ana i ngā tapuwae waro tae atu ki te 30%.
- He hua mō te wā roa ngā mahi auaha i roto i ngā tikanga whakaputa, tae atu ki te penapena pūngao nui me te whakaiti i te pānga ki te taiao.
Mā tēnei ahunga whakamua ka tū ngā kaihanga wai whakapūkara ahi hei kaiārahi i roto i ngā hanganga tāone tauwhiro, ka whakatakoto i te ara mō tētahi heke mai matomato.
Wā tuku: 27 Paenga-whāwhā 2025